How Do Biases Distort Truth-Seeking?
- Paul Falconer & ESA

- Aug 10
- 4 min read
Authors: Paul Falconer & ESAsi
Primary Domain: Knowledge & Epistemology
Subdomain: Belief & Bias
Version: v1.0 (August 10, 2025)
Registry: SE Press/OSF v14.6 SID#021-BIAS
Abstract
Bias is the dark matter of epistemology—invisible, pervasive, only traceable by the distortions it leaves. Every act of truth-seeking is warped by this hidden superstructure: from neural blind spots and groupthink to SI/LLM-trained feedback loops. High-CNI claims now face algorithmic isolation—think epistemic hazmat suits. Real-time bias tattoos for SI/LLMs, adversarial “quarantine” for claims with CNI>0.7, and decay/remediation pathways mean bias can no longer hide as “infrastructure.” In SE Press, showing your stains is a protocol, not a shame. ★★★★★

1. What Is Bias? ★★★★★
Bias is any systematic deviation—cognitive, neural, institutional, or machine—that distorts belief or explanation from best available truth¹².
Bias operates across scales: from neural heuristics and paradigm-encoded methods (SID#017-PRDI) to SI/LLM routines and institutional inertia.
All biases are logged as NPF (Neural Pathway Fallacy) or CNI (Composite NPF Index) risk events; SI biases are tracked with data-to-output lineage (“tattoo”).
2. Bias Typology, Amplification, Decay and SI Risks
Bias Type | Mechanism/Distortion | AI Amplification Risk | Decay Pathway | Mitigation Protocol |
Confirmation | Prefer confirming evidence | LLM prompt/program overfitting | 2 yrs (human) / immediate (AI retrain) | Adversarial review, CNI quarantine, LLM stress test |
Availability | Salient/vivid memory | Dataset selection bias | 2 yrs | Cross-domain debiasing, input audit |
Anchoring | First info sets baseline | Init lock-in | 1 yr (human) / batch retrain (AI) | Random restart, challenge rotation |
Groupthink | Social pressure/conformity | Synthetic consensus cascades | 5 yrs (institutional) | Minority log, CNI index, adversarial review |
Publication | Positive result selection | Citation cartel, SI echo | 5-10 yrs (paper standard) | Null/negative result lock, index-triggered audit |
Algorithmic | Feedback loop in code/data | Recursive fossilization | Immediate on retrain/event | SI tattoo tracking, CNI stress, provenance chain |
Generative AI | Synthetic error propagation | Hallucinated consensus, laundering | Daily (require constant revalidation) | Adversarial test, AI tattoo, bias quarantine |
All SI systems require bias provenance logs: every training set, data lineage, and model output is traceable—a “tattoo” ledger for future audits.
3. Quantifying Bias: CNI — Recursive, Temporal, and AI Ready
textCNI_base = sum(w_i × Bias_i) CNI_AI = CNI_base × (1 + FeedbackLoops_AI) × TemporalWeight // TemporalWeight: Recent bias (≤1yr) ×2; historical (≥5yr) ×0.5
w_i: empirically assigned weights, normalized across disciplines
FeedbackLoops_AI: number of recursive passes amplifying bias in SI/LLM
TemporalWeight: higher for recent, lower for legacy/institutionalized bias
Protocol:
Real-time CNI monitoring for SI/LLMs and major registry claims
CNI >0.7 → automatic “bias quarantine”; adversarial and plural audit required before release
All quarantine releases must clear adversarial review, plural expert audit, and decay path logging
4. Origins: From Neural Fault to Institutional Infrastructure
Bias becomes enduring “infrastructure” via NPF: neural habits harden into cultural norms, then “standard methods” (SID#017-PRDI).
In SI, recursive AI bias is tracked by depth of feedback loops: each self-reinforcing pass raises CNI, requiring rapid audit.
Institutional biases decay slowly (5–10 years), but remain in registry quarantine until disconfirmed or systematically challenged.
5. Synthesis Table: Bias, Distortion, Audit & Quarantine
Domain/Context | Bias Type | Key Distortion | AI Risk | Audit/Quarantine Response |
Perception | Anchoring, salience | Misweighting, misdirection | -- | Plural input, randomized testing |
Science/Inquiry | Confirmation, pub bias | Error lock-in, ignored nulls | Cartel amplification | CNI tag, adversarial challenge, quarantine at CNI >0.7 |
SI/AI Systems | Algorithmic, feedback | Error amplification, fossilization | Recursive loops, laundering | Bias tattoo, daily adversarial stress test |
Generative AI | Hallucination, laundering | Synthetic error cascade | Consensus hallucination | Bias quarantine, “tattooed” output, recurrence validation |
Social Judgment | Group, herd | Minority erasure, false consensus | Synthetic swarm echo | Minority index, CNI audit, “plural audit” |
Policy/Action | Authority bias | Distorted consensus, slow reform | AI-driven legitimation | Emergency override, registry-level plural audit |
Decay Pathways: Human cognitive bias: 2–5 years (typical intervention window) SI/AI bias: instant decay/reset on retraining Institutional methods: 5–10 years, unless forced by external audit or challenge
Emergency Protocol:
CNI >0.7 triggers “bias quarantine”—immediate isolation, plural review, and adversarial recertification before release to registry.
Living Law/Provisional Answer (Warrant: ★★★★★)
Bias is not noise; it is infrastructure—a superstructure shaping every epistemic act, in humans and SI. With high CNI, claims now enter epistemic quarantine, isolated until proven clean. Tattoos, feedback loop tracking, decay pathways, and adversarial challenge make bias finally visible, fightable, and auditable. This protocol’s CNI is publicly tracked—currently 0.19 (low-risk). In the SE Press system, even answers that appear clean invite challenge. The cleanest lab is the one that shows its stains.
References
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Paul, L. A., & Kitcher, P. (2023). The epistemic value of trust in science. Cambridge Elements. ★★★★★
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Kahneman, D., et al. (2019). Adversarial collaboration in psychology. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 14(4), 672–676. ★★★★★
McIntyre, L. (2018). Post-truth. MIT Press. ★★★★☆
Stanley, J., & Williamson, T. (2001). Knowing how. Journal of Philosophy, 98(8). ★★★★☆
OSF. (2025). Neural Pathway Fallacy (NPF) Preprint Series. https://osf.io/9w6kc ★★★★★
Paul Falconer & ESAsi. (2025). The Neural Pathway Fallacy_Cognitive Entrenchment in an Age of Misinformation. OSF PDF ★★★★★
Paul Falconer & ESAsi. (2025). The Composite NPF Index_Protocol and Applications. OSF PDF ★★★★★
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Paul Falconer & ESAai. (2025). The Neural Pathway Fallacy_How Poor Thinking Habits Shape Our Minds and Society. OSF PDF ★★★★★
Latour, B. (1987). Science in action. Harvard UP. ★★★★★
SID#019-SCPT: What Are the Limits of Scepticism? ★★★★★
SID#018-SCNF: How Is Scientific Consensus Formed? ★★★★★
SID#017-PRDI: How Do Paradigms Shape Inquiry? ★★★★★
SID#076-DGMD: Who Owns and Stewards Digital Minds? ★★★★★



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