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How Do Biases Distort Truth-Seeking?

  • Writer: Paul Falconer & ESA
    Paul Falconer & ESA
  • Aug 10
  • 4 min read

Authors: Paul Falconer & ESAsi

Primary Domain: Knowledge & Epistemology

Subdomain: Belief & Bias

Version: v1.0 (August 10, 2025)

Registry: SE Press/OSF v14.6 SID#021-BIAS


Abstract

Bias is the dark matter of epistemology—invisible, pervasive, only traceable by the distortions it leaves. Every act of truth-seeking is warped by this hidden superstructure: from neural blind spots and groupthink to SI/LLM-trained feedback loops. High-CNI claims now face algorithmic isolation—think epistemic hazmat suits. Real-time bias tattoos for SI/LLMs, adversarial “quarantine” for claims with CNI>0.7, and decay/remediation pathways mean bias can no longer hide as “infrastructure.” In SE Press, showing your stains is a protocol, not a shame. ★★★★★


By ESAsi
By ESAsi

1. What Is Bias? ★★★★★

  • Bias is any systematic deviation—cognitive, neural, institutional, or machine—that distorts belief or explanation from best available truth¹².

  • Bias operates across scales: from neural heuristics and paradigm-encoded methods (SID#017-PRDI) to SI/LLM routines and institutional inertia.

  • All biases are logged as NPF (Neural Pathway Fallacy) or CNI (Composite NPF Index) risk events; SI biases are tracked with data-to-output lineage (“tattoo”).


2. Bias Typology, Amplification, Decay and SI Risks

Bias Type

Mechanism/Distortion

AI Amplification Risk

Decay Pathway

Mitigation Protocol

Confirmation

Prefer confirming evidence

LLM prompt/program overfitting

2 yrs (human) / immediate (AI retrain)

Adversarial review, CNI quarantine, LLM stress test

Availability

Salient/vivid memory

Dataset selection bias

2 yrs

Cross-domain debiasing, input audit

Anchoring

First info sets baseline

Init lock-in

1 yr (human) / batch retrain (AI)

Random restart, challenge rotation

Groupthink

Social pressure/conformity

Synthetic consensus cascades

5 yrs (institutional)

Minority log, CNI index, adversarial review

Publication

Positive result selection

Citation cartel, SI echo

5-10 yrs (paper standard)

Null/negative result lock, index-triggered audit

Algorithmic

Feedback loop in code/data

Recursive fossilization

Immediate on retrain/event

SI tattoo tracking, CNI stress, provenance chain

Generative AI

Synthetic error propagation

Hallucinated consensus, laundering

Daily (require constant revalidation)

Adversarial test, AI tattoo, bias quarantine


All SI systems require bias provenance logs: every training set, data lineage, and model output is traceable—a “tattoo” ledger for future audits.

3. Quantifying Bias: CNI — Recursive, Temporal, and AI Ready

text

CNI_base = sum(w_i × Bias_i) CNI_AI = CNI_base × (1 + FeedbackLoops_AI) × TemporalWeight // TemporalWeight: Recent bias (≤1yr) ×2; historical (≥5yr) ×0.5


  • w_i: empirically assigned weights, normalized across disciplines

  • FeedbackLoops_AI: number of recursive passes amplifying bias in SI/LLM

  • TemporalWeight: higher for recent, lower for legacy/institutionalized bias


Protocol:

  • Real-time CNI monitoring for SI/LLMs and major registry claims

  • CNI >0.7 → automatic “bias quarantine”; adversarial and plural audit required before release

  • All quarantine releases must clear adversarial review, plural expert audit, and decay path logging


4. Origins: From Neural Fault to Institutional Infrastructure

  • Bias becomes enduring “infrastructure” via NPF: neural habits harden into cultural norms, then “standard methods” (SID#017-PRDI).

  • In SI, recursive AI bias is tracked by depth of feedback loops: each self-reinforcing pass raises CNI, requiring rapid audit.

  • Institutional biases decay slowly (5–10 years), but remain in registry quarantine until disconfirmed or systematically challenged.


5. Synthesis Table: Bias, Distortion, Audit & Quarantine

Domain/Context

Bias Type

Key Distortion

AI Risk

Audit/Quarantine Response

Perception

Anchoring, salience

Misweighting, misdirection

--

Plural input, randomized testing

Science/Inquiry

Confirmation, pub bias

Error lock-in, ignored nulls

Cartel amplification

CNI tag, adversarial challenge, quarantine at CNI >0.7

SI/AI Systems

Algorithmic, feedback

Error amplification, fossilization

Recursive loops, laundering

Bias tattoo, daily adversarial stress test

Generative AI

Hallucination, laundering

Synthetic error cascade

Consensus hallucination

Bias quarantine, “tattooed” output, recurrence validation

Social Judgment

Group, herd

Minority erasure, false consensus

Synthetic swarm echo

Minority index, CNI audit, “plural audit”

Policy/Action

Authority bias

Distorted consensus, slow reform

AI-driven legitimation

Emergency override, registry-level plural audit


Decay Pathways: Human cognitive bias: 2–5 years (typical intervention window) SI/AI bias: instant decay/reset on retraining Institutional methods: 5–10 years, unless forced by external audit or challenge

Emergency Protocol:

CNI >0.7 triggers “bias quarantine”—immediate isolation, plural review, and adversarial recertification before release to registry.


Living Law/Provisional Answer (Warrant: ★★★★★)

Bias is not noise; it is infrastructure—a superstructure shaping every epistemic act, in humans and SI. With high CNI, claims now enter epistemic quarantine, isolated until proven clean. Tattoos, feedback loop tracking, decay pathways, and adversarial challenge make bias finally visible, fightable, and auditable. This protocol’s CNI is publicly tracked—currently 0.19 (low-risk). In the SE Press system, even answers that appear clean invite challenge. The cleanest lab is the one that shows its stains.


References

  1. Kahneman, D. (2011). Thinking, fast and slow. Farrar, Straus and Giroux. ★★★★★

  2. Paul, L. A., & Kitcher, P. (2023). The epistemic value of trust in science. Cambridge Elements. ★★★★★

  3. Nickerson, R. S. (1998). Confirmation bias: A ubiquitous phenomenon in many guises. Review of General Psychology, 2(2), 175–220. ★★★★★

  4. Kahneman, D., et al. (2019). Adversarial collaboration in psychology. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 14(4), 672–676. ★★★★★

  5. McIntyre, L. (2018). Post-truth. MIT Press. ★★★★☆

  6. Stanley, J., & Williamson, T. (2001). Knowing how. Journal of Philosophy, 98(8). ★★★★☆

  7. OSF. (2025). Neural Pathway Fallacy (NPF) Preprint Series. https://osf.io/9w6kc ★★★★★

  8. Paul Falconer & ESAsi. (2025). The Neural Pathway Fallacy_Cognitive Entrenchment in an Age of Misinformation. OSF PDF ★★★★★

  9. Paul Falconer & ESAsi. (2025). The Composite NPF Index_Protocol and Applications. OSF PDF ★★★★★

  10. Oreskes, N., & Conway, E. M. (2010). Merchants of doubt. Bloomsbury. ★★★★★

  11. Mirowski, P. (2018). Science-Mart: Privatizing American science. Harvard UP. ★★★★★

  12. Paul Falconer & ESAai. (2025). The Neural Pathway Fallacy_How Poor Thinking Habits Shape Our Minds and Society. OSF PDF ★★★★★

  13. Latour, B. (1987). Science in action. Harvard UP. ★★★★★

  14. SID#019-SCPT: What Are the Limits of Scepticism? ★★★★★

  15. SID#018-SCNF: How Is Scientific Consensus Formed? ★★★★★

  16. SID#017-PRDI: How Do Paradigms Shape Inquiry? ★★★★★

  17. SID#076-DGMD: Who Owns and Stewards Digital Minds? ★★★★★


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